PWBS (Ryff, 1989)
1. I tend to be influenced by people with strong opinions (R).
2. I have confidence in my opinions, even if they are contrary to the general consensus.
3. I judge myself by what I think is important, not by the values of what others think is important.
4. In general, I feel I am in charge of the situation in which I live.
5. The demands of everyday life often get me down (R).
6. I am quite good at managing the many responsibilities of my daily life.
7. I think it is important to have new experiences that challenge how you think about yourself and the world.
8. For me, life has been a continuous process of learning, changing, and growth.
9. I gave up trying to make big improvements or changes in my life a long time ago (R).
10. Maintaining close relationships has been difficult and frustrating for me (R).
11. People would describe me as a giving person, willing to share my time with others.
12. I have not experienced many warm and trusting relationships with others (R).
13. I live life one day at a time and don’t really think about the future (R).
14. Some people wander aimlessly through life, but I am not one of them.
15. I sometimes feel as if I’ve done all there is to do in life (R).
16. I look at the story of my life, I am pleased with how things have turned out.
17. I like most aspects of my personality.
18. In many ways, I feel disappointed about my achievements in life (R).
Note: Autonomy (1-3); Environmental Mastery (4-6); Personal Growth (7-9); Positive Relations with Others (10-12); Purpose in Life (13-15); Self‐Acceptance (16-18).
Psychological Well‐Being Scale (PWBS) (Short‐Form)
1. I tend to be influenced by people with strong opinions
2. I have confidence in my opinions, even if they are contrary to the general consensus
3. I judge myself by what I think is important, not by the values of what others think is important
4. In general, I feel I am in charge of the situation in which I live
5. The demands of everyday life often get me down
6. I am quite good at managing the many responsibilities of my daily life
7. I think it is important to have new experiences that challenge how you think about yourself and the world
8. For me, life has been a continuous process of learning, changing, and growth
9. I gave up trying to make big improvements or changes in my life a long time ago
10. Maintaining close relationships has been difficult and frustrating for me
11. People would describe me as a giving person, willing to share my time with others
12. I have not experienced many warm and trusting relationships with others
13. I live life one day at a time and don’t really think about the future
14. Some people wander aimlessly through life, but I am not one of them